At the beginning of last year, a farmer had an outstanding loan of $100,000. The interest rate was 10% APR. If the farmer made one loan payment at the end of the year of $25,400 what was the outstanding balance at the end of the year.

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Multiple Choice

At the beginning of last year, a farmer had an outstanding loan of $100,000. The interest rate was 10% APR. If the farmer made one loan payment at the end of the year of $25,400 what was the outstanding balance at the end of the year.

Explanation:
Interest accrues on the outstanding balance, then payments reduce it. Start with 100,000 and apply 10% interest for the year, which adds 10,000, bringing the balance to 110,000. The year-end payment of 25,400 reduces this to 110,000 − 25,400 = 84,600. So the outstanding balance at year-end is 84,600. The other numbers would result from different payment amounts or not applying the payment after interest.

Interest accrues on the outstanding balance, then payments reduce it. Start with 100,000 and apply 10% interest for the year, which adds 10,000, bringing the balance to 110,000. The year-end payment of 25,400 reduces this to 110,000 − 25,400 = 84,600. So the outstanding balance at year-end is 84,600. The other numbers would result from different payment amounts or not applying the payment after interest.

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